Independence Declared 1776, The Union Must Be Preserved 1839 framed atomizer A commemorative engraving of the

A commemorative engraving of the morning the British sails finally fell below the horizon and Washington rode down the Bowery into a city held captive for seven years — the Revolution's last

in waxed lapels and steady gaze

A 20th-century rendering of Hamilton's Harlem country seat — the federalist's retreat from pamphlet wars and Treasury ledgers

Sages and Statesmen of the 19th Century — a composite engraving in the parlor tradition

Independence Declared 1776, The Union Must Be Preserved 1839 framed atomizer A commemorative engraving of theIndependence Declared 1776, The Union Must Be Preserved 1839 yokes the founding clarion to a Jacksonian era vow, the broadside speaking in two voices across sixty three years one announcing a republic, the other warning what it would cost to keep it whole as the slavery question began its slow boil toward fracture. About the Source Bella Frye sources artifacts from the great American historical archive the Library of Congress, the National Archives,